In a rectifier circuit, a chip electrolytic capacitor is equivalent to an open circuit. A capacitor is a device that can store positive charges, and is one of the commonly used electronic components.
      This has to start with the structure of the chip electrolytic capacitor. The simplest capacitor is composed of an electrode plate on both sides and an insulating layer of electrolytic medium (containing gas) inside. After being plugged in, the electrode plate is energized, generating a voltage (potential difference). However, due to the insulating layer inside, all of the chip electrolytic capacitors are not conductive.
       However, this condition is necessary if the critical voltage (breakdown voltage) of the chip electrolytic capacitor is not exceeded. As we know, all substances are relatively insulating layers. When the voltage on both sides of the substance increases to a certain extent, the substance is able to conduct electricity. This voltage is known as the breakdown voltage. The same is true of capacitors, which are not insulation after being penetrated. However, in junior high schools, this voltage is not visible in the circuit, so it is all operating below the breakdown voltage and can be seen as insulation.
       However, in AC circuits, the direction of the current changes as a function of time. The process of charging and discharging a capacitor battery is time dependent, and at this time, a transformed electrostatic field is generated between the electrode plates, and this electrostatic field is a function formula that changes with time. In fact, the current is based on the manner of the field between the chip electrolytic capacitors.
       In junior high school, there is a saying that "communicating with each other and resisting direct current", which refers to this characteristic of SMD electrolytic capacitors.